Aluminium is Bahrain's primary CBAM-covered export. Alba — one of the world's largest single-site aluminium smelters — gives Bahrain significant EU carbon cost exposure as CBAM phases in.
Bahrain's CBAM exposure is concentrated almost entirely in aluminium. Aluminium Bahrain (Alba), operating since 1971, is among the world's largest aluminium smelters with a capacity exceeding 1.5 million tonnes per year. Bahrain exports unwrought aluminium, extrusions, rolled products and fabricated aluminium goods to Europe. Bahrain has published country-specific default values for aluminium (primary route, route K) and hydrogen.
Source: IR (EU) 2026/1740 Annex I, which replaced the Annex I of IR (EU) 2025/2621 from 1 January 2026 · Default = the published total-emissions value · Net cost adds the Annex I mark-up once — 10% in 2026 and 30% from 2028 for cement, iron and steel, aluminium and hydrogen, 1% for fertilisers · Used when verified actual data is not provided
| Product | Sector | Default tCO₂e/t | Net cost 2026 €/t | Net cost 2030 €/t |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Unwrought aluminium CN 7601 | Aluminium | 1.8700 | €150.98 | €94.25 |
Hydrogen CN 28041000 | Hydrogen | 10.8200 | €873.58 | €545.33 |
Net cost = default tCO₂e/t × €75.28 (Q2 2026, official price of CBAM certificates) × CBAM phase-in factor (2.5% in 2026, 48.5% in 2030). Actual liability depends on verified embedded emissions and SEFA benchmark deduction. Values shown are for illustrative default scenario only.
Carbon pricing in Bahrain: Bahrain does not operate a domestic carbon pricing mechanism, emissions trading scheme, or carbon tax applicable to CBAM-covered goods.
No carbon price is paid in Bahrain on CBAM-covered production, so there is nothing to deduct under Article 9. The full certificate cost applies to embedded emissions above the benchmark.
Our reading of Bahrain's own published measures as at September 2026, not an EU-published value — third-country carbon policy changes without warning. Confirm the current position with advisers in the country of production before pricing anything on it.
Bahrain's aluminium sector — dominated by Alba — faces direct CBAM exposure on all EU-bound exports above 50 tonnes per year. The published default for unwrought aluminium from Bahrain is 2.057 tCO₂e/t (with 2026 mark-up), under the primary aluminium route. Alba's actual grid-connected smelting process will need verified emissions data to demonstrate whether actual performance is above or below this default. Given the scale of exports, the certificate cost differential between default and verified data is commercially significant.
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Book a demoDefault values sourced from IR (EU) 2026/1740 Annex I (European Commission). Net costs are illustrative — actual liability depends on verified embedded emissions, SEFA benchmark deduction, and the applicable CBAM phase-in factor. Not legal or compliance advice.
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