Fertilisers, Aluminium and Hydrogen are Saudi Arabia's main CBAM-covered sectors for EU exports.
Saudi Arabia is a major exporter of ammonia and nitrogen fertilisers (SABIC, Ma'aden). Primary aluminium ingots from ALBA and Ma'aden Aluminium are exported to EU markets. Saudi Arabia is developing large-scale green hydrogen production (NEOM ENOWA project) targeting EU market access, with near-zero embedded emissions that would eliminate CBAM exposure for that production stream.
Source: IR (EU) 2026/1740 Annex I, which replaced the Annex I of IR (EU) 2025/2621 from 1 January 2026 · Default = the published total-emissions value · Net cost adds the Annex I mark-up once — 10% in 2026 and 30% from 2028 for cement, iron and steel, aluminium and hydrogen, 1% for fertilisers · Used when verified actual data is not provided
| Product | Sector | Default tCO₂e/t | Net cost 2026 €/t | Net cost 2030 €/t |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Grey Portland cement CN 25232900 | Cement | 1.4400 | €116.26 | €72.58 |
Anhydrous ammonia CN 28141000 | Fertilisers | 2.1000 | €155.68 | €82.23 |
Urea (solid) CN 31021019 | Fertilisers | 1.4700 | €108.97 | €57.56 |
Ammonium nitrate CN 31023090 | Fertilisers | 2.4300 | €180.14 | €95.15 |
Steel semi-finished (BF-BOF) CN 72071114 | Iron & Steel | 3.9959 | €322.62 | €201.39 |
Unwrought aluminium CN 7601 | Aluminium | 1.7000 | €137.25 | €85.68 |
Hydrogen CN 28041000 | Hydrogen | 13.4500 | €1085.92 | €677.88 |
Net cost = default tCO₂e/t × €75.28 (Q2 2026, official price of CBAM certificates) × CBAM phase-in factor (2.5% in 2026, 48.5% in 2030). Actual liability depends on verified embedded emissions and SEFA benchmark deduction. Values shown are for illustrative default scenario only.
Carbon pricing in Saudi Arabia: Saudi Arabia does not operate a domestic carbon pricing mechanism applicable to CBAM-covered goods.
No carbon price is paid in Saudi Arabia on CBAM-covered production, so there is nothing to deduct. Full certificate costs apply to embedded emissions above the benchmark. Vision 2030's renewable targets reduce the embedded emissions themselves, which is the lever that does move the bill.
Our reading of Saudi Arabia's own published measures as at September 2026, not an EU-published value — third-country carbon policy changes without warning. Confirm the current position with advisers in the country of production before pricing anything on it.
Saudi primary aluminium smelting uses predominantly gas-fired power. The CBAM default for Saudi unwrought aluminium is 1.70 tCO₂e/t (primary route). Hydrogen exports carry a very high default of 13.45 tCO₂e/t — green hydrogen production via electrolysis with renewable energy would reduce this to near zero, eliminating CBAM exposure entirely.
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Book a demoDefault values sourced from IR (EU) 2026/1740 Annex I (European Commission). Net costs are illustrative — actual liability depends on verified embedded emissions, SEFA benchmark deduction, and the applicable CBAM phase-in factor. Not legal or compliance advice.
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